A man overboard incident is a critical emergency that poses significant risk to the individual in the water and the crew on board.
What Does Man Overboard Mean?
The term “Man overboard!” is an urgent call used on vessels when a crew member or passenger has fallen into the water, necessitating immediate rescue efforts. The first person to notice the fall should shout “man overboard” to alert others and strive to keep the person in sight, pointing continuously to help track their position.
Man overboard situations can arise from various conditions, including:
- Slippery or uneven decks
- Strong winds or rough seas
- Poor visibility or inadequate lighting
- Absence of proper safety gear or protocols
- Exhaustion or impairment due to alcohol
- Accidental or deliberate jumps into the water
Frequency of Man Overboard Incidents
While rare, man overboard incidents are not uncommon, with estimates of 30 to 40 cases reported globally each year, according to Marine Insight. It is possible that the actual number of incidents could be higher, as some cases may not be reported or go unnoticed.
Survival rates depend on several factors such as:
- Water temperature and weather conditions
- Proximity to the ship and shore
- Access to flotation devices or life jackets
- Speed and methods of the rescue effort
- Physical and psychological state of the individual overboard
Research suggests that a person has approximately 15 to 30 minutes before hypothermia begins to diminish their survival chances, making rapid rescue critical.
Preventing Man Overboard
The most effective way to prevent such incidents is by strictly following rigorous safety protocols on board:
- Wearing suitable clothing and footwear for prevailing conditions
- Utilising safety features like handrails, lifelines, harnesses, or safety nets when on deck
- Refraining from alcohol or drugs that could impair coordination or judgment
- Maintaining vigilance and awareness of environmental and onboard hazards
- Promptly reporting any safety risks or faulty equipment to the authority on board
- Participating in regular safety drills and training
Immediate Actions if Man Overboard Occurs
Should a man overboard situation occur, quick and decisive action is essential:
- Continuously shout “man overboard” to alert the crew
- Keep pointing to the person in the water to maintain visual contact
- Immediately throw a lifebuoy or any available floating device to the person
- Inform the captain and ensure a Mayday call is made via DSC and voice communication
- Activate the MOB (man overboard) function on the chart plotter to mark the location
- Follow the captain’s instructions carefully
A man overboard is a grave situation requiring swift, coordinated action and teamwork. Familiarity with and regular practice of specific man overboard procedures tailored to your vessel are vital. Ensure all crew, including new members, are trained in these protocols and understand how to deal with potential complications like cold water shock and secondary drowning. Such preparedness is crucial to enhance safety and save lives at sea.